This bulb-shaped veggie is part of the onion family, which also includes chives, leeks, and scallions. Unlike its kin, a garlic bulb is made up of many smaller pieces called cloves. Each clove of garlic is encased in its individual wrapper, and the bulb itself has layers of thin, flakey wrappers to protect the cloves. Often referred to as the "stinking rose," whole Common garlic actually has a very mild allium scent and taste. However, once the cloves are crushed or pressed, enzyme compounds are released, producing a sulfur-based molecule known as allicin, which is responsible for giving garlic its renowned pungent aroma and flavor.

Health Benefits

Some studies show that garlic might help people with heart disease. It may lower cholesterol and blood pressure, keep arteries flexible, and help prevent blood clots and the buildup of plaque. It might also reduce the risk of stroke. While not as effective as medicine, garlic may have a role as a side treatment. It might also lower blood sugar in people with diabetes.  Common garlic is rich in vitamin C, vitamin B6, and manganese. It also contains some calcium and phosphorus.

Usage

Common garlic can be consumed in both raw or cooked applications. Raw garlic tends to have a stronger flavor than cooked; and crushing, chopping, pressing or pureeing garlic releases even more of its oils providing a sharper, more assertive flavor than slicing or leaving it whole. Common garlic can be used in any dish that calls for garlic such as garlic chicken, spaghetti Bolognese, potato soup, to stews, but it also does especially well as the central flavor in marinades, dressings, sauces, and salts. Roasting garlic will enhance its flavor and add a subtle sweetness. Pair Common garlic with acidic fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, tomatillos, and citrus, meats such as poultry, beef, pork and seafood, herbs like basil, thyme, and oregano, and other vegetables such as artichokes, snap peas, broccoli, asparagus, and Brussel sprouts.

Storage

Common garlic will keep between one to four months, depending on the specific variety, when stored in a cool and dry place.